Practice/Amazon/Design a Chess Game

Design a Chess Game

Object Oriented DesignMust

Problem

Design an object-oriented system for a Battleship game. Your system should support the classic two-player naval warfare game where players place ships on a grid and take turns attacking coordinates on their opponent's board. The system must handle ship placement, validate moves, track hits and misses, detect when ships are sunk, and determine when the game is won.

Requirements

1. Implement a Ship class that represents individual ships with a name, size, and orientation
2. Implement a Board class that represents a player's game grid (typically 10x10)
3. Implement a BattleshipGame class that manages the overall game state for multiple players
4. Support placing ships on the board with validation (no overlapping, within boundaries)
5. Handle attack operations that return whether the attack was a hit, miss, or sunk a ship
6. Track which coordinates have been attacked to prevent duplicate attacks
7. Detect when all ships on a board have been sunk (game over condition)
8. Support standard ship types: Carrier (5), Battleship (4), Cruiser (3), Submarine (3), Destroyer (2)

Constraints

• Grid size is typically 10x10 but should be configurable
• Ships can be placed horizontally or vertically
• Each coordinate can only be attacked once
• Ships cannot overlap or extend beyond grid boundaries
• The game supports exactly 2 players
• Time complexity for attack operations should be O(1) or O(n) where n is the number of ships
• Space complexity should be O(grid_size × grid_size) for the board

Examples

Example 1: Basic Gameplay

` game = BattleshipGame() board1 = game.setup_player_board(1) board2 = game.setup_player_board(2)

Player 1 places a destroyer (size 2)

destroyer = Ship("Destroyer", 2) board1.place_ship(destroyer, 0, 0, True) # horizontal at (0,0)

Player 2 attacks

result = game.make_attack(2, 1, 0, 0) # Returns "HIT" result = game.make_attack(2, 1, 0, 1) # Returns "SUNK" result = game.make_attack(2, 1, 0, 2) # Returns "MISS" `

Example 2: Invalid Placement

` board = Board(10) battleship = Ship("Battleship", 4)

Try to place ship that extends beyond boundary

valid = board.place_ship(battleship, 0, 8, True) # Returns False

Ship would occupy columns 8, 9, 10, 11 but grid only goes to 9

valid = board.place_ship(battleship, 0, 6, True) # Returns True

Ship occupies columns 6, 7, 8, 9 - valid placement

`

Example 3: Game Over Detection

` game = BattleshipGame() board = game.setup_player_board(1)

Place only one small ship

patrol = Ship("Patrol", 2) board.place_ship(patrol, 5, 5, False) # vertical

Attack and sink

game.make_attack(2, 1, 5, 5) # "HIT" game.make_attack(2, 1, 6, 5) # "SUNK"

game.is_game_over() # Returns True, all ships sunk `